Driving at night can be a daunting task for new or even experienced drivers; the highest crash rates occur at nighttime (6:00PM - 6:00AM). Additionally, traffic fatality rates are three to four times higher at night than during the daytime. The danger arises from the fact that vision is severely limited (low lights decrease depth perception and peripheral vision and cause the pupils to dilate, often blurring vision), glare from the headlights of other vehicles can temporarily blind you, and it is more likely that people may be driving under the influence or be tired. Glare is particularly invasive since it can cause temporary blindness, dizziness, and confusion.
Fortunately, there are several ways to reduce and handle glare through use of specific techniques, strategies, and equipment.
STEPS:
1. Clean the windshield, windows, and glass surfaces. This includes the car's mirrors. Any streaks, road grime, or smudges on the glass refract light. Also clean the inside of the windshield, because plastic chemicals can slowly build up on the glass. If you have any glasses or contact lenses, make sure they are absolutely clean and scratch-free. Scratched and dirty lenses make glare worse. Clean the wiper blades using a paper towel and windshield washer fluid to remove the grime and oxidized rubber from the edge of the blade. This helps prevent streaks. If there are still streaks, it is probable that you will need to get new blades. If there are any chips or cracks in your windshield, have them repaired immediately.
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2. Clean the car's headlights. Even small amounts of dirt on the lamp can reduce the light output by half and restrict your ability to see and be seen. This is especially true if you have HID (High Intensity Discharge) lights, because dirt diffuses the light from the lamp, causing glare that can be blinding to other drivers. If/when you have an annual inspection or you have a check-up at a dealer, car mechanic, or repair shop, have your headlights aligned. At least half of vehicles on the road have an improperly aimed headlight and sometimes even both are misaligned. Properly aligned headlights will not only help you see better, and will also avoid casting glare on other drivers. Older vehicles can improve headlight illumination/transmission efficiency by lapping or polishing the exterior of the headlights. As a result of exposure to road dirt, sand and road debris, the exterior of the headlights can become crazed, pitted and dull. Most auto parts suppliers carry a "lapping/polishing compound" specifically designed for headlight exteriors.
3. Adjust the car mirrors properly. The American Automobile Association (AAA) recommends this method for setting your mirrors: Lean to the left and rest your head against the window and adjust the driver side mirror so that you can just see the left rear corner of your vehicle. Then, lean to the right to the center of the vehicle and adjust your passenger side mirror until the right rear corner of the vehicle is just visible. This mirror setting reduces glare, blind spots, and makes it easier to identify vehicles on the side and rear. (Of course, if you are in a country where you must drive on the left side of the road - reverse the above directions.)
4. Have your vision checked regularly. According to the American Optometric Association, everyone under age 60 should have an eye exam at least every 2 years, and annually after the age of 60. [2] The older you are, the more sensitive your eyes become, but medical conditions associated with your eyes can also severely amplify the problem. If identified early, you may be able to get effective treatment.
Almost one in three drivers reports difficulty seeing when driving at night.[3] Raise any specific concerns you have with your eye specialist.
Check regularly that your prescription glasses or contact lenses are up-to-date. Your eye specialist can help confirm this for you.
5. Avoid looking directly at the headlights of oncoming traffic. Instead, look down and to the right. You should be able to gaze at the white line on the side of the road or where the pavement meets the shoulder. Use the right side of the road for tracking your lane instead of the left side. You will still be able to see other vehicles with your peripheral vision but the glare won't bother you as much.
6. Flip the rearview mirror. You can change the mirror to its night setting by flipping a small lever at the bottom of the mirror. Lights will still appear in the glass but they will appear much dimmer and therefore not be as bothersome.
7. Take frequent breaks if you're driving at night for long periods of time. Having a break reduces fatigue and gives your eyes recovery time. You should also take a short nap or a brisk walk to keep alert.
